The légionelles ones are bacteria of the environment, ready to infect protozoa and likely to cause infections, sometimes dramatic, at the man.
The légionelles ones in the habitat
The légionelles ones are bacteria present everywhere in water. They are in the lakes, the rivers, water the pipelines, the systems of air-conditioning, the humidifiers, the nébulisateurs, the vats of water reserve, water the fountains, the machines with ice, the swimming pools, the baths with movement, the equipment of thermal spas…
They proliferate starting from 20° until 55°.
They are stuck to the walls to form what one calls a biofilm in which they are able to survive and, if the medium is slightly hot, to proliferate.
It is thus particularly in warm water that we will find them. They colonize inter alia the medical warm water drains (pipes, balloons…).
The concentration into légionelles is likely to increase with the length of the pipes, their complexity and the age of plumbing.
The diagnosis
Phase 1: Identification of the dangers
Phase 2: Census of the points at the risks (tepid water basins, balloons of storage, arms dead…)
Phase 3: Taking away
Phase 4: Drafting of the report/ratio of audit
Radon
Radon is an odourless and colourless gas radioactive resulting from the disintegration of radium, itself resulting from uranium.
The penetration of radon in a building results from many parameters:
concentration in the ground
permeability and moisture of the ground
presence of cracks or fractures in the rock under unclaimed
and in particular of the characteristics specific to the habitat: process of construction, cracking of surface in contact with the ground ventilation system
Radon was classified in 1987 like “pulmonary carcinogen at the man” by the International Research Center on Cancer (CIRC).
The measurement of Radon
In order to know the radon concentrations within a building, it is advisable to contact the expert who by means of several dosemeters, will be able to evaluate the particles emitted by radon.
The measurement of the Radon concentration
It is currently difficult to predict the radon concentration in a dwelling or a building. Only a measurement makes it possible to detect if the occupants are exposed at the risk for their health.
To know the radon concentration in its dwelling makes it possible to implement possible measurements of correction necessary. It is thus strongly advised with the private individuals to carry out a measurement of the radon concentration in their dwelling.
The proportioning of Radon
The dosemeters are placed by the specialist at precise places in the building by holding account in the interior conditions.
They do not present any danger. They must remain in place a certain time without being moved.
The conditions of measurement will be to control regularly. The results are given in Becquerel per cubic meter Bq/m3.
The interpretation of the results
On opinion of the Superior council of public health of France and in the actual position of knowledge, the public authorities fixed the threshold of alarm at 1000 Bq/m3 and the threshold of precaution to 400 Bq/m3, value inciting for the existing buildings.
The value guides of 200 Bq/m3 was retained for the buildings to be built.
In the event of results higher than 400 Bq/m3, it is desirable to make carry out a diagnosis of the building in order to know the ways of entry of radon and to implement the techniques of reduction possibly necessary.
effects on health
These last decades, of the studies showed that the inhalation of radon increases the risk to develop a lung cancer. This risk increases with the concentration and the duration of presence in the buildings.
The simultaneous exposure with the tobacco and radon is particularly harmful.
Thousandth
Thousandth and percentages - Definition and determination
Legal base: Article 1,5,6-1, 10,11,30 Law July 10, 1965
Each joint owner has a quota of joint ownership.
This quota is expressed in percentages (a certain number, which brought back on the whole all shares can be expressed as a percentage).
Most of the time joint ownerships are divided into thousandth shares, from where current name thousandth, which are in fact of the percentages expressed in the form of thousand.
The determination of the number of percentages is free: 1.000,10.000,100.000… all depends in fact on the size on the joint ownership and the number of its batches.
In joint ownership, thousandth represent the quota of the common parts included/understood in each batch. The way of calculating of thousandth is done by retaining the value of the privative parts of each batch.
The number of thousandth is mentioned in the payment of joint ownership and is used to determine the number of voices available to each joint owner but also to establish the burden-sharing.
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